What Does Web Accessibility Mean to the Disabled?
Most of us are familiar with how Accessibility applies to physical business places. However, little thought has been given to how Accessibility applies to the Internet. Accessibility on the World Wide Web demands that we break down barriers and open a clear path for everyone.
This means that web pages must be designed so that those with Visual, Hearing, Motor and Cognitive disabilities have an equal opportunity to navigate and access every web page.
ADA Demand Letters and Lawsuits Are Coming
Businesses are being Sued
Newspapers, magazines, message boards, social media, and blogs have been spreading the word. Businesses are being sued, their ADA compliance under the Americans with Disabilities Act is the cause, and payouts for law firms is the reason.
You may be shocked by this revelation, or you might have seen some of the early warning stories as they appeared.
Web Accessibility Demand Letters Target Websites.
Demand Letters Force Settlements
While it is apparent that there are lawsuits, that is just the tip of the iceberg.
Though lawsuits number in the hundreds, the demand letters that precede any actual suit certainly number into the thousands or even hundreds of thousands.
Anti-Accessibility Appearance
This is a story that has been slow to surface because any business that gets hit doesn’t want anyone to find out. It’s not good business to be perceived as anti-accessibility.
Business Groups Spread the Word
Trade Groups Caution Members About Web Accessibility.
Slowly the word is getting out that the American Disabilities Act applies to all business websites. A key source of this awareness has not been from the press, it’s been from trade groups and local and regional business groups.
These groups have their members confidence and also serve as their primary advocates and guides. In the case of the National Ski Area Association, this trade group rapidly responded when a number of resorts got hit with both demand letters and lawsuits by issuing warnings to members, and subsequently ran education seminars at conferences.
Ski Resort Association Acted Quickly
Let’s look at the example of how a regional ski resort associations picked up on the urgency of the topic and ran education seminars throughout the spring, summer and fall.
Seminars were held to educate members of the context and risks, and then provide information to both improve accessibility and reduce legal exposure.
But most businesses will be caught in the headlights at the beginning, uninformed and unprepared.
Businesses Need To Avoid Web Accessibility Legal Threats
- The ADA requires that “places of public accommodation” be accessible to people with disabilities. Today, the DOJ and most courts agree that the Web is considered a place of public accommodation. As such, access to web content by those with disabilities is a civil right.
- People with visual disabilities are the most impacted. They use screen readers that read web content, but these can be easily hampered by websites that are not coded correctly.
- There is no legal “standard”, but there are guidelines: Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). Created by the World Wide Web Consortium, these guidelines are commonly adopted world-wide.
- Your web developer is not to blame – unless they contractually agreed to meet such guidelines. Also, a most common violation is to not add image labels (alt tags) to images, and often, this is the fault of internal content contributors.
- The average cost of suits according to the Wall Street Journal is $10K-$70K – most of which covers plaintiff legal fees (plaintiff’s themselves cannot collect), plus legal defense fees ($10K-$70K), plus audit & remediation ($15K-$who knows), plus subsequent periodic audits and remediation.
- While the WSJ reports that 240 businesses have been sued, the much bigger number are those that have received demand letters and have been forced to settle or get sued. Yes, many also call this extortion.
- This new cottage industry is growing rapidly. It will explode and reach businesses of all sizes.
Why am I so Sure About Web Accessibility?
First read this story in the Florida Record about Dion Snowshoes getting hit. This is a tiny mom & pop business based in Vermont. Yet the plaintiff firm is located in Florida. Everyone is a target.
But here is the real reason… First, consider how common ADA claims have been for physical barriers. Those required a “tester” to physically go to the location and record violations.
What’s different here is that these testers simply use free software to test for website ADA compliance. They can generate demand letters or suits from a computer anywhere (even India) – in volume – and at little cost.
Plus, there is no secret sauce or intellectual property rights to this business model. So the barrier of entry for copy-cat plaintiff firms is nil. And if it’s true that lawyers love money, this is a printing press.
Who does Web Accessibility Affect?
Under the ADA, businesses, higher education and other institutions must be accessible to those with disabilities. In recent years, there has been increasing debate over online accessibility, and how businesses and institutions can comply with the ADA provisions.
The Department of Justice has sided with disability groups in arguing that websites are public spaces, or accommodations, and must be generally accessible per the ADA, according to Walter Olson, a senior fellow with the libertarian Cato Institute.
Will the Supreme Court Rule on Web Accessibility?
Olson said, the courts have not been unanimous in their judgments as to what measures, if any, businesses and institutions must take to comply with the ADA when it comes to website accessibility.
“This may be decided by the Supreme Court,” Olson told the Florida Record.
Lawsuits linked to the ADA Title III, filed by national disability groups and attorneys on behalf of individual clients, are increasing.
The Number of Web Accessibility Lawsuits Grows.
As of the end June, the number of lawsuits filed in federal court was 3,435, up 63 percent from last year’s mid-year number of 2,114, according to the website, adatitleIIIlawsuit.com, which tracks cases.
“To put the numbers into perspective, more lawsuits were filed in the past six months than were filed in all of 2013 when there were a mere 2,722 lawsuits,” the website opined, adding that three states with the most lawsuits are California, Florida and New York.
While small, the number of lawsuits over websites, is growing. In the first two months of this year, there were 61 filed, compared to 40 for the whole of 2015. An unknown number of demands for settlement have been sent to businesses.
Without Web Accessibility Laws We Have Chaos!
What we have now is chaos. There are no regulations from the Justice Department specifying what must be done to be compliant.
WCAG Provides Guidance
Rather than regulations, we have the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) to guide us. This ambiguity allows lawyers to send demand letters, threatening lawsuits and possibly forcing web sites into settlement discussions.
There are no actual regulations to hang your hat on as far as a firm defense, so many of those that receive demand letters will settle rather than risk litigation.
